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Selection method of pest prevention and control equipment for crops
Selection methods for the prevention and control of pests and diseases of food crops. The commonly used prevention and control machines for pests and diseases of food crops include: seed dressing machines, spray bar sprayers, knapsack spray dusters, lifting rack sprayers, manual sprayers (compression type, backpack type, single pipe type, slide tube type), hand-held Electric centrifugal sprayers, hand-powdered dusters and hand-held granulators, etc., how to properly choose the type of control equipment is very important. I. Seed treatment of rice diseases, weeds, and weeds Use of seed dressing machines. The chemical weeding boom sprayer in Daejeon, which had not been placed in water before sowing or before transplanting, can achieve full-season control of weed damage. For rice fields that have not undergone chemical weeding or early chemical weeding before the first stage, weeds can germinate when the rice field turns green, and can be sprayed with a hand sprayer, a motorized sprayer, or sprayed with a particle spreader or backpack sprayer. Granules and other agents. Seed bed disease prevention, the main choice of manual sprayer configuration multi-head sprayer or single nozzle, double nozzle and other spray parts sprayed fungicide in the field. For the hazards of rice growing in the early stages of rice growth, S. melanocarpa and S. japonicus are often used to manually spray mist to spray hazard points. Before the maturation of rice, the main period of disease prevention and pest control is due to the hazards of planthoppers, leafhoppers, rice borers, rice leaffolders, and rice blast, rice sheath blight, and so on. It is relatively difficult for people to go to the fields. It is advisable to use a knapsack spray duster to do dusting operation. A thin-film dusting tube may be used, and a rack-mounted motorized sprayer may also be used for spraying with a remote spray gun. The prevention and control of pests in the later stages mainly involves the control of rice planthoppers, leafhoppers, rice blast, and sheath blight. The prevention and treatment should be carried out before the safe period of drug use. It is appropriate to use a stretcher-type movable sprayer for remote spray operations, and dusting operations can also be performed. It should be based on the premise that pesticides should not remain on the crop. II. Prevention of pests and weeds in wheat fields The prevention and treatment of wheat straw and grassland in the wheat fields in northern areas are generally treated with soil; in the southern areas, foliar spraying is generally adopted, ie, after sowing, the plants are sown until 10 to 11 months for winter chemical weeding, and the following year in March the following year. Weeding. To control weeds in wheat fields, the sprayer sprayer can be used for soil treatment, and the sprayer can be controlled by sprayer sprayer or manual sprayer. The sprayer with multiple sprayers can be installed on the sprayer for prevention and control. Insect pests in wheat fields are mainly wheat stubble, armyworm and aphid. The main diseases are rust, head blight and the like. At this time, the crops have been jointed and heading. The commonly used prevention and control equipment is a manual sprayer, and a knapsack spray duster can also be used for operations. 3. Prevention of corn and sorghum and other high-grained food crops Corn and sorghum are the main summer food crops in the northern regions of China. Summer diseases, insects, and weeds occur more severely. The local area is arid and less rainy, so less spray is used in the prevention and control. powder. (1) Weed control generally uses sprayer sprayers for full soil spraying, soil treatment to kill weeds in the germination stage, and in some areas also uses seedling spray to treat weeds mainly between rows. Use machinery for cultivating and weeding. A typical machine has a 3w-6 type seedling chemical lawn mower. (2) Pest control is mainly used to control borers of maggots, sorghum, corn borers, Spodoptera litura and cotton bollworms; locusts are only controlled in the outbreak years. The prevention and treatment of aphids is mainly carried out by manual sprayers. For dust and insect pests, dust is sprayed on the top of the duster or sprinkled on the top of the sprinkler. The control of aphids mainly includes the use of a knapsack sprayer or a manual duster. . Fourth, the control of low-yielding food crops such as potato and soybeans The low-growth food crops have a short growth period, and the impact of field crop damage on crop yields is relatively heavy. Therefore, weeding is a primary task. Chemical weed control varies depending on the area. The control measures are also different. The soybeans in the north are chemically weeded or carried out in winter and spring. Soil treatment is generally used for comprehensive spraying, but also with seedlings; according to the hazards of grassland damage in the later period, a second chemical weeding can be carried out to ensure that the grass feet are clean. Sprayer sprayers or seedling sprayers are generally used for spraying. The spray widths can be 6 meters, 10 meters, 12 meters, 18 meters, or different spray tools can be used depending on the size of the field. The general field plots of soybeans and potato in the south are relatively small. A 6-meter boom sprayer equipped with a small four-wheel tractor can be used. A manual sprayer can also be used with horizontal three-head and four-head booms. Pest control of low-yield food crops, roots and stems are mainly used to prevent and control underground pests, and injection-type soil disinfectants and soil sprayers (which are not yet available in China) can be used for prevention and control, or bait spreaders for trapping and killing. The fruits mainly control the leaf-stalk pests, and the spray bar sprayer or manual sprayer is used for prevention and control, and good results can be obtained.