On May 10, 2011, Armenian astronomer Garrett and his research team published their latest research findings in the world's top academic journal Nature, and the team discovered that a star named HD82943 swallowed it. Its one planet, the process is equivalent to the sun swallowing the earth. The star is about the same size as the sun, and the planet it swallows is about twice the mass of Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system. The HD82943 star is about 78 light years away from Earth.

The tool for observing this process is the super-large telescope mirror set at the Southern European Observatory in the “Atagama” desert in Chile. For this phenomenon, the data that scientists actually record are isolated data points. So how do scientists infer the phenomenon of planetary engulfment through isolated data points?

Solve the mystery of astronomy from the perspective of elements and spectra

QDChip CEO Bao Jie explains the principle of planetary phagocytosis through spectral analysis

Understanding this phenomenon requires consideration of the problem from an elemental perspective. Lithium has an isotope that is one neutron less than the normal lithium element and is called lithium 6. Lithium 6 is very fragile. When a star produces tens of millions of degrees of high temperature, it exists for a very short period of time, usually disappearing within millions of light years of star formation. But when scientists observed the spectrum emitted by the HB82943 star, it was found that the ratio of lithium 6 to lithium (lithium 7) was as high as 3:25, and the ratio was higher than normal.

The planet itself does not emit light, generates heat, and does not produce a large amount of temperature. After a lot of argumentation and deduction, the scientists speculated that the reason for the large amount of lithium 6 on the surface of HB82943 is that the star swallowed the planet. According to the ratio of 0.12, the number of planets is estimated to be about twice the number of Jupiter.

In the case of HB82943 phagocytic planets, the concept of "spectrum" is mentioned. The spectrum is that after the complex light is split by a dispersion system (such as a prism or a grating), the monochromatic light that is dispersed is arranged in order of wavelength (or frequency). The pattern is called the optical spectrum. Spectroscopy is the most accurate and authentic way of describing the composition of a light color.

Schematic diagram of the working principle of three spectrometers

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