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1. A reasonable intercropping of 1-3 year-old new cultivars should be selected between dwarf, shallow root, and fruit crops without joint pests or intermediate host crops; intercropping high stalk crops is strictly prohibited. We will vigorously promote techniques such as rapeseed planting, soybean planting, and weeding in orchards to improve the orchard's ecological environment and increase soil fertility.
2. Carving buds and buds can promote directional pumping of growing branches, speeding up the cultivation of stem branches, increasing the germination rate, promoting the germination of middle and short branches, reducing the baldness, increasing the amount of branches, and helping to fill the air and promote the formation of flower buds. In general, the growing season can be carried out, that is, using a steel saw blade above or below the bud to cause injury. In addition to sprouting buds, sprouts will be less than 70 cm from the ground after the buds and buds in the spring, excessive germination and early eradication to reduce nutrient consumption.
3. Pulling the branches in time, opening the branch opening angle is one of the most important technical measures for tree-shaped cultivation and tree transformation, which runs through the entire growing season. For 1-2 year old shoots, shoots should be drawn from mid-August to mid-September; shoots over 3 years old should be planted from flowering to mid-May to late-flowering branches; bald branches at the rear, preferably after budding in spring. Pull branches before flowering. The branch angle is generally 80-90. When the spring shoots grow to 20-30 cm, a “toothpick†is used to open the angle; when the branches grow to more than 70 cm in August-September, the branch angle is used to ease the branches. Potential; on the branches of the auxiliary branches and branches, open the corners with the “E†angle breaker or soften the branches.
4. Control of twigs Dwarf spindle shaping requires the center to be strong. For excessively large branches, it must be updated in a timely manner so that the thickness of the main branch is controlled between 3-5 cm. For the coarse branches to take the oblique pile pruning method, the main branch is adjusted to a small main branch, which is conducive to flowering and results. Timely control of the center will prolong the competition branches near the head, and the excessively strong competition branches shall be removed in time, and other branches may be taken for topping and taking branches.
5. Scientific topdressing fertilizer, avoid using only nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer increases with the age of the tree. After the new root system is formed in the living soil of the tree in June, the urea is chased once a month in June and August. Submerged applicator, acupuncture, and ditch application are all available, each time being 150-200 g/plant, ensuring that the root system is adequate in time. Fertilizer. At the same time, combine spraying with urea or other foliar fertilizer on the trees. Here, we must also remind fruit farmers that they must add more farmyard manure and organic manure. Conditional farmers can also increase farm manure such as corn stalks and wheat stalks, especially when using corn stalks. In a good ditch, this will not only maintain the water content of the orchard, but also continue to supply organic fertilizer as the straw slowly rots. This is a good way to win more at a glance.
6. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, protection of insects and leaves. Spray at least 4 times during the growing season. Before the wheat harvest, it sprayed carbendazim or Fuxing for 1 time. After the wheat was harvested, it was sprayed with Bordeaux mixture twice and sprayed once with carbendazim to prevent early defoliation. In addition, timely observation of ticks and leaf-eating pests, timely spraying after discovery, available for fast ketone or avermectin and chlorpyrifos or polyester pesticides. In July and August, rot disease has gradually entered the peak of onset and forms surface ulcers. It is necessary to adhere to regular scraping and disinfection, clear out the scraped objects out of the park, bury them deeply, and apply generals to protect the trees at the lesions. The surface of the tree was completely sterilized and rooted with 400-600 times of liquid spray. The second and third spraying were performed at intervals of 10 days. In August, ringworm disease and anthrax showed symptoms in succession. In the initial stage, water-stained brown spots appeared on the fruit surface. They quickly expanded to brown spots and conically trapped in the pulp. The disease should be promptly removed. Fruit is buried deeply; pay special attention to spraying and new high-fat film mixed together to improve the control effect. The peach borer borer was damaged by larvae and caused fruit development malformation, resulting in "herbiferous fruit" and "red bean paste". The commonly used pharmaceuticals are 50% killer pine emulsion 1000 times, or 2.5% kungfu 1500 times, or 30% peach Xiaoling EC 1500 times; pay attention to the spray focus on the axillary part of the fruit and the new high fat film Mixed use.
Apple Garden Summer and Autumn Festival Management Technology
Summer is the most prosperous season for the growth of apple trees, and it is also an important season to be managed most during the year. In particular, the newly planted apple seedlings need to be doubled care and management. If they are properly managed, they can bring great economic benefits to the fruit growers in advance. Improper management resulted in low or no production of apple trees in adulthood. This not only delayed the time of fruit farming, but also caused a waste of land. The loss of fruit growers could be large. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the management of apple nursery school in the summer. Meaningful work, I combined my own practical work and gave the majority of fruit farmers friends a comprehensive explanation of the summer management of apple trees.