The upcoming May Day holiday has become a good day for people to relax and visit relatives and friends. There is an increase in the chances of having dinner together, which can be followed by diet-related health problems. Zhang Xiaowei, the attending physician at the Clinical Nutrition Department of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, reminded everyone that friends with chronic diseases can easily aggravate the condition and cause adverse consequences if they do not pay attention to a balanced diet on holidays. “There are two kinds of catering bad habits when you take a long vacation: First, overeating and then being hungry; Second, discarding healthy eating habits on weekdays and pampering your own tummy often result in an eating injury and ten soups. Zhang Xiaowei said that after every holiday, there are cases of getting together in the hospital. Most of the reasons are related to unhealthy diet during the holiday season. The common problems in the holiday diet are: the diet is too full, too greasy, not fresh enough, eat too much, eat frequently, drink too much, exercise too little. As a result, the health problems that lead to holidays are: weight gain, loss of appetite, indigestion, drunkenness, acute gastric dilatation, and chronic disease aggravation. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease patients: low fat, low salt, diet "The relationship between high cholesterol and salt intake and cardiovascular disease is already common knowledge that most people know. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the intake of salt and cholesterol." Zhang Xiaowei said that patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are usually treated with caution. Some of the high-cholesterol and high-salt foods, such as animal liver, chicken, duck, fish, meat, eggs, soy sauce, and monosodium glutamate, have been relaxed and guarded during the holiday season. Many people have unknowingly ingested excessive amounts of Cholesterol and salt. The diet of patients with coronary heart disease during the festival should adhere to light, less oil and less salt. Overeating is often the cause of coronary heart attack. When participating in a dinner, it is necessary to curb appetite and maintain a full meal of 78 points. It is best not to drink alcohol, so as not to increase the burden on the heart. Hypertension patients often eat more food during the holiday season, eat less, and easily take in more salt. Even if you participate in a dinner, you should maintain a certain amount of staple foods, and at the same time avoid over-saturation and prevent strokes from inducing strokes. "In particular, stressful eating is the most common cause of accidents in patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension. Especially eating too much food after eating greasy food is more dangerous." Zhang Xiaowei said, first of all, eating too much "saturation", making gastrointestinal pressure The rise raises the diaphragm and oppresses the heart and affects its beating. Followed by coronary heart disease patients in a large number of eating blood lipids increased, blood viscosity increased, and then prone to thrombosis. Then, after eating, the gastrointestinal tract needs blood and aerobic increase to digest food, and the blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract reduces the blood supply of the coronary artery. This is undoubtedly true for coronary heart disease patients who have already had a narrow vascular lumen. It is worse. At dinner, the atmosphere is often warm and emotional, which undoubtedly increases blood pressure and increases the risk of hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, patients with heart disease and hypertension must pay special attention to food: foods should be mainly low-fat, low-salt, and light-colored, and they should eat more fruits and vegetables. The rich vitamins and trace elements in them help maintain human health. Greedy food or overeating, and should pay attention to the emotional stability. Patients with digestive diseases: hunger and fullness, diet cleanliness "Overeating, overgrowth, and eating can lead to acute gastroenteritis, acute pancreatitis, and cholecystitis and other digestive diseases." Zhang Xiaowei said that the sudden increase in the number of such patients in hospitals is a clear indication. In order to prevent the occurrence of "a meal and ten soups," it should be insisted that the diet should be reasonably matched with the meals, and the "cherry delicacies" on the banquet should be reduced, and vegetables, fruits, beans and other foods should be added. "Family eating and eating unclean food can easily cause acute gastroenteritis." Zhang Xiaowei said that overeating and heavy drinking are important causes of acute pancreatitis. Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis are also more frequent because of the high fat eaten during the holidays. High-protein foods cause a sudden increase in bile secretion, congestion and edema of the stomach and duodenum, and biliary sphincter spasm, resulting in an acute attack of cholecystitis. During the holiday season, irregular schedules, combined with unhealthy diet and excessive drinking, may also induce peptic ulcers or patients with previous history of peptic ulcer disease may relapse. Zhang Xiaowei reminded everyone that the holidays should pay special attention to food hygiene and moderation, to manage their mouths, avoid eating too much, try to maintain normal eating habits. Although gastro-intestinal diseases are not fatal, diarrhea and vomiting are not enough to sweep away the interest of the holiday. Patients with metabolic diseases: control of food intake, correct choice of food types "For patients with metabolic diseases, diet is the basis of all treatments. Controlling food intake and choosing the right food in the diet is the first factor. During the holidays, the increase in food intake and improper food selection often aggravate the condition. "Zhang Xiaowei said that diabetics should control the total calories provided by all daily intake of foods, diversify food choices, use cereals as the basis, limit fat intake, moderately select high-quality protein, and reduce or prohibit mono- and disaccharide-rich foods. . Increase high-fiber diets, reduce salt intake, reduce intake of high-sodium foods such as preserved foods, sausages, hams, insist on eating fewer meals, and regularly order meals. Drink more water and limit drinking. "The general principle of nutritional treatment for gout diet is 'three lows and one high', namely low-purine diet, weight loss, low-salt and low-fat diet, and plenty of drinking water." Zhang Xiaowei said, to eliminate the intake of high-purine foods, high-purine foods There are mainly animal organs (including heart, liver, intestine, belly), soybeans, mushrooms, concentrated gravy, sea fish, shellfish, and yeast. Drinking alcohol is an important factor in the induction of acute gout, so alcohol must be eliminated. Eat low levels of purine foods such as wheat, oats, rice, millet, cornmeal, honey, walnuts, and most vegetables.
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