In winter, the problem of insulation and cold-proofing of greenhouse vegetables is particularly prominent. The good or bad insulation and cold-proof work will directly affect the vegetable production situation in the following year. The most vulnerable part is the insulation and cold-proofing. We would like to remind the vegetable farmers that before the cold does not arrive, we must do a good job. Insulation cold work.

In the greenhouse, vegetables should be cultivated and protected against cold by comprehensive measures such as biology, physics, chemistry, and agriculture. This is very important for promoting the normal growth of vegetables and increasing the yield and quality of vegetables. The commonly used technical measures are now described below for reference by farmers.

The nursery of the greenhouse is prepared before the nursery. The chicken manure and the cow dung that are hot and nutritious soil are all good thermal organic fertilizers that have good air permeability. Before the nursery is transplanted in the greenhouse, the chicken manure can be used as cow manure: garden soil = 2 : The ratio of 2:6 is matched with the nutrient soil used for raising seedlings. This mixed formulated nutrient soil has better endothermic, heat storage, and heat-generating properties, and is very beneficial to the development and growth of the roots of the seedlings. Spread the seedlings into the seedbed one week before the nursery or put the nutrients in the seedlings and cover the seed film to cover the film in advance.

The best time to cover the haystacks (grass curtains) on the sheds is to cover the sheds and grass rakes in time, preferably in mid-November or mid-November. Appropriately around 18 °C, higher than 18 °C late cover, early cover below 18 °C), overcast snow weather in the evening and then in the haystack (grass curtain) is covered with a layer of cold plastic film, can make indoor heating 2°C~3°C. If nursery seedlings are raised in the shed, then a small arch shed should be built on the seedling hoe, and a small layer of grass rakes should be added on the small shed to ensure better insulation and preservation.

Ensuring that there is sufficient light in the greenhouse, the production of vegetables in the greenhouse is not afraid of the cold and the cold. Therefore, ensuring sufficient light in the shed is very important for ensuring the normal growth of vegetable plants. The method is to hang a reflective film on the back wall of the studio to increase the light intensity of the cultivation bed; to increase the illumination time and light intensity as much as possible in the sunny days, and to expedite the early release of the evening gills as soon as possible without cooling. , often cleaning the shed film, so that the shed film to maintain a good light transmission; in the cloudy snow should also be properly drafted 苫 苫 适当 适当 适当, so that the vegetables see the light, but also in the shed to install electric lights, in the case of cloudy snow and light conditions , Turn on the lights for about 3 hours each morning and night (note that there is a dark time of about 8 hours at night). In this way, the temperature in the greenhouse can be increased and photosynthesis of the plants can be promoted.

During the cold season of the air conditioning in the greenhouse, due to the low temperature and low ventilation and ventilation, the shed interior is almost in a closed state, so it is easy to cause excess oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air, which has a great influence on the respiration of vegetable plants. Farmers can use carbon dioxide fertilization technology to adjust the indoor air composition, supplement carbon dioxide content, can also enhance the cold resistance of vegetable plants.

When the temperature of the leaf spray fertilizer is low and the light is weak, the ability of greenhouse vegetable roots to absorb nutrients is greatly weakened, especially after the chilling injury, the leaves are temporarily wilted, the photosynthesis ability is deteriorated, and nutrients are produced. cut back. At this point, as little or no growth hormones as possible should be used, and the leaves can be sprayed with fertilizer solution. For example, spraying a mixture of rice vinegar, sugar, and superphosphate at a concentration of 100-300 times can supplement the nutritional deficiency of vegetable plants, increase the hardness and sugar content of the mesophyll, and increase the cold resistance and the harm of cold damage. Can also be sprayed before the arrival of the cold flow of cloud peony, cytokinin or other antifreeze, sprayed after cold injury can also speed up the relief of symptoms and promote normal plant growth.

Irrigation water protection and mulching In general, the chilling damage of greenhouse vegetables is mostly caused by water shortage. In the critical period of vegetable growth, select sunny weather (temperature above 20°C), use submerged irrigation or drip irrigation, fill soil moisture, and effectively prevent cold damage. This is because the specific heat of water is higher than that of air, heat is slow, the soil moisture content in the greenhouse is moderate, and the heat preservation performance is good. The root system of vegetable plants can be protected from cold damage.

Strengthen the management of snow after snowfall. When the outdoor temperature is around -10°C, the temperature inside the shed is generally around 10°C. The temperature difference between inside and outside is relatively large; once the weather is fine, the temperature in the shed indoors can rise to 30°C. °C or more. At this time, many vegetable farmers believe that this is the best period of long-term and cold growth, and should not be let off. In fact, the air should be repeatedly ventilated at this time, so that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference between the shed and the previous days, and then slowly warming, so that the vegetable plants have an adaptation process to the environment in order to restore normal growth. Otherwise, it will cause "10-day suppression, 1 day-long growth," flashing seedlings, so that when it cools down again, it will be more prone to cold damage.

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