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Can microbial fertilizer replace fertilizer?
In recent years, the application of microbial fertilizers in agriculture has seen rapid development across the country. Various types of microbial fertilizers, propaganda, etc. have appeared in newspapers and entered farmers' farms, making farmers feel unwilling to choose even Confused: Is microbial Fertilizer really as big as propaganda? Can microbial fertilizer really replace chemical fertilizers? In answering these questions, we must first understand the concepts of “fertilizerâ€, “fertilizerâ€, and “microorganismâ€. First, fertilizer and its nutrients We all know that people must be healthy and have reasonable nutrition; crops must have nutrition if they need to have a good harvest. . The various nutrients needed for normal crop growth are called nutrients. According to the theory of plant nutrition theory, to make crops grow and develop normally and obtain high yields, sufficient nutrition nutrients must be provided to crops. The adequate nutrition nutrients mentioned here have two main meanings: One is from the qualitative aspect, that is, the nutrient types needed for crop growth and development are not less one and the other are indispensable if one or some nutrients are missing. Crops cannot grow and develop normally, and it is even less likely that they will achieve high yields. Another aspect is the quantitative aspect, that is, the normal growth and development of crops, access to high yields, the amount of nutritional nutrients provided must be appropriate, if the amount of nutrients is insufficient, the crops cannot grow normally; if the supply of nutrients is excessive, not only waste, but also may result in reduced production. . The normal growth and development of crops requires carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S ), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), boron (B), chlorine (Cl) seventeen kinds of nutrients. These nutrient elements are necessary and irreplaceable, but the crops need different amounts of them, some need a large amount such as nitrogen (N), and some require little as boron (B). In addition to carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O), crops have the greatest amount of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in their nutrients, usually nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). ), Potassium (K) is called a large number of elements; the required amount is followed by calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), usually calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur ( S), silicon (Si) is called the middle element; and the crop has less demand for iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn) and boron (B). , called trace elements. Crops must grow normally and the amount of nutrients must be coordinated and balanced. Therefore, it is the fertilizer that can provide one or more nutrients and supply the normal growth and development of the crop. According to the composition of fertilizers, they can be divided into organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Second, chemical fertilizers and their nutrient chemical fertilizers, referred to as chemical fertilizers, is a large category of fertilizers, because its main components are mainly synthesized by chemical methods (reactions) derived, it is called chemical fertilizers. For example, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate, potassium chloride, and the like. Fertilizers have many varieties, high nutrient content, and rapid fertilizer efficiency. Different fertilizer varieties contain different nutrient types and nutrient content. Fertilizer can provide most of the nutrients the crop needs. We usually refer to fertilization, mainly refers to the application of chemical fertilizers, of course, also includes the application of organic fertilizers, trace element fertilizers and so on. The main fertilizer varieties are: 1 Nitrogen fertilizer, which mainly provides nitrogen (N) nutrients. Such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, etc., the nitrogen (N) content were 46%, 17%, 22%, 34%. 2 Phosphate fertilizer, which mainly provides phosphorus (P) nutrients, such as superphosphate, and its P2O5 content is about 12%. 3 Potassium fertilizer, mainly providing potassium (K) nutrients, such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, etc., and their K2O content is about 60% and 50%, respectively. 4 Compound fertilizers can provide two or three of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), and their nutrient content varies from species to species. Third, microbiological fertilizers and their nutrients Strictly speaking, microbes are not fertilizers, is a generic term for all types of bacteria, is a bacterial agent. Such microbial agents can provide one or more microbial communities that are beneficial to crop growth. Since the microbial agents used in agriculture are often mixed with a substrate with a high content of organic matter such as peat, peat, and organic fertilizer, the microbial agent is customarily referred to as a microbial fertilizer. Microbial fertilizers are different from chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Can provide a microbial community called a single microbial fertilizer or a specific microbial agent (fertilizer); can provide more than two kinds of microbial communities called compound microbial agents (fertilizers). According to the division of the role of microorganisms, the microbial bacteria can be divided into nitrogen-fixing bacteria (bacterial agents), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (bactericides), potassium-releasing bacteria (bacteria agents), and decomposing bacteria (bacteria agents). These microbial agents can selectively serve agricultural production. The role of microbial fertilizers is mainly to provide a beneficial microbial community for crop growth rather than nutrient elements. After these beneficial microorganisms are applied to the soil, they play different roles depending on the type of microorganisms. For example, the main role of microbial fertilizers with nitrogen-fixing bacteria is: through the activity of bacteria, the nitrogen elements in the air are fixed for absorption and utilization during crop growth—that is, nitrogen fixation; the main role of microbial fertilizers based on phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is: The activity of bacteria breaks down some of the phosphorus in the soil that cannot be absorbed by crops, causing the phosphorus to be decomposed from the soil and used for the absorption and utilization of the crop during growth—that is, the phosphate-removing effect; the main role of microbial fertilizers mainly for solving potassium bacteria is: Bacteria activity, decomposition of some of the soil can not be absorbed by the crop of potassium, so that potassium is decomposed from the soil, for absorption and utilization of crop growth - that is, potassium release effect; decomposition of bacteria is mainly to decompose organic matter, organic matter and so on. At the same time, the life and activity of microorganisms in the soil produces some secretions that have a stimulatory effect on the growth of crops. In summary, the role of microbial fertilizers is the fixation, decomposition, and secretion of bacteria, affecting the changes in nutrients in the soil. The nutritional nutrients in the soil have changed, and of course, the growth of crops grown in the soil has also changed. Therefore, the role of microorganisms is to act on the soil and react to the crop. If the soil nutrients themselves are insufficient, microbial fertilizers (bactericides) are powerless. Microbial fertilizers cannot replace chemical fertilizers! Why Use Microbial Fertilizers There are many elements in the soil, some of which are necessary for crop growth. However, these essential nutrients cannot sometimes be absorbed by crops. We call these nutritional nutrients nutrients or fixed nutrients. Only through the decomposition of microorganisms, these nutrients can become effective nutrients and be absorbed and utilized by crops. There are many kinds of microorganisms in the soil, some are beneficial, some are unhelpful, some are even harmful. Beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be affected by factors such as moisture, nutrients, air, and pH in the soil, or death, or dormancy, or low activity. In this case, the decomposition ability of microorganisms is very weak. At this time, the use of microbial agents (fertilizers) should be targeted. Just like we need to use "old noodles" and kimchi, we need to use "old salt water." To increase the activity and role of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. What are the characteristics of microbial fertilizers? Microbial fertilizer is a kind of bacterial fertilizer. It is a living organism and it acts through bacterial activities. The main features are: 1. Microbial fertilizers mainly provide beneficial microbial communities, rather than providing mineral nutrients; 2. People cannot use them. Visual observation of microorganisms, so the quality of microbial fertilizer can not be determined by the human eye, can only be determined through analysis; 3, qualified microbial fertilizer less environmental pollution; 4, microbial fertilizer is used in small quantities, usually 500-1000 grams of microbial agents per acre 5, the size of the role of microbial fertilizer, susceptible to the impact of microbial living environment, such as: light, temperature, moisture, pH, organic matter and so on. 6, bacteria have time, microbial fertilizer has its effective period, usually six months to one year. Six, how to buy microbial fertilizer? Due to the fact that microbial fertilizers cannot be visually judged by their naked eyes, they mainly look through the outer packaging. They mainly include: 1. The outer packaging is in good condition and there are no broken bags or bags; 2. Is there a "registration certificate" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China? No. 3, whether the product name, trademark, production company, address, and expiration date are complete; 4. Carefully read the product description to find out which type of microbial fertilizer is mainly used for which crops and choose to purchase. Microbial fertilizers are not omnipotent, and the effectiveness of fertilizers is limited. There is no cure for allergies. VII. What should you pay attention to when applying microbial fertilizers? Microbial fertilizers are living organisms. Due to its own characteristics, application methods are more stringent than chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. 1, timely application, once used up. After the microbial fertilizer is purchased home, it should be applied to the ground as soon as possible and used once after opening the bag; 2. The microbial fertilizer can be applied to the soil alone, but it is better to mix it with organic fertilizer (such as muck). Do not use it. Mixed with chemical fertilizers; 3, Microbiological fertilizers should be applied directly below the roots of the crops, not too far from the roots, while covering the soil, do not let the sun shine directly on the fungus; 4. Microbial fertilizer is mainly used as a base fertilizer, should not be foliar spray Application; 5, the use of microbial fertilizers, can not replace the use of chemical fertilizers; 6, unfinished microbial fertilizers, to properly manage, to prevent the spread of bacteria in microbial fertilizers.