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The pond that raises the main carp has an area of ​​2,000-3,000 square meters, the minimum must not be less than 667 square meters, and the maximum amount cannot exceed 0.67 square meters. If it is too small, the water quality changes quickly and it is difficult to control; Dispersion is not conducive to the feeding of carp. At the same time, ponds requiring leeward sunlight, flat bottom sediments, sandy loam, little or no sludge in the newly excavated pond are ideal, and can maintain a water depth of about 2.0 meters. Ponds should have large gradients, adequate water supply, and water quality. Fresh, easy to enter and drain, with rivers and lakes as excellent water, preferably with micro-flowing water.
Before the fish species are stocked, the ponds must be carefully cleaned, excessive silt sludge must be removed, weeds must be removed from the ponds, the ponds must be renovated, the drainage system must be maintained, and the ponds must be disinfected. Clear pond can be used bleaching powder, tea bream, fish rattan and other drugs, but the best lime, choose sunny weather, first pool water to 10 cm, dig a few small pit around the bottom of the pool, the lime into the pit The amount of 75 - 100 kg, add water to open, evenly spilled around the center and the pool, after the sun fully stirred mixed mud to kill wild fish, pathogenic bacteria, parasites and other harmful organisms.
2 Choosing good breeds for reasonable stocking
There are many species of squid, and there are two kinds of squid and big eyelid that are commonly found in production. However, the squid grows fast, has a low feed coefficient, and has a delicious meat taste. It has become the main breeding object. Their main differences are: 1) The eyes of the euphorbia are smaller, while the eyes of the big eyelid are larger; 2) The maxilla bone of the clam mouth extends below the posterior edge of the eye, while the maxillary bone of the big eyelid does not reach Below the posterior edge of the eye; 3) Under the same conditions, the growth rate of Cyprinidae is 1.5 to 4 times faster than that of large eyelid.
There are two main sources for the species of Acipenser spp.: One is that they can not capture the seeds of commercial specifications from rivers and lakes, but the number is small. There are large differences in individual size and they cannot meet the needs of large-scale production; the second is artificial breeding. Cultivate fish species, and the specifications of fish species are orderly, which can solve the demand for large-scale production of seedlings.
Stocking fish is required to have a healthy body, neat specifications, and no disease or injury. To ensure the survival rate after stocking, the stocking size must be 3.0 cm or more, preferably 5.0 cm. The stocking density is related to pond conditions, stocking specifications, management techniques, bait fish supply, and expected outlet pond size. Generally, every 667 square meters is stocked with 3 to 4 centimeters of silver carp 300 to 400. The stocking density should not be too high or too low. Although the individual grows quickly, the catch size is large, but the water space and the bait fish are not fully utilized and the yield is low; if the bait is too high, the bait fish is difficult to satisfy, and the commodity is not reached in the year. Specifications affect the listing and economic benefits.
Carp Summer flowering time is generally from late May to early June, early delivery, early growth, early to reach the market specifications. When stocking, use 30-50 g/L salt water to soak the fish species for 10 to 15 minutes. The fish species to be transported must be fed with slow fish.
3 Breed fish food scientific and rational feeding
Squid is a typical carnivorous fish. It feeds live fish for life. Therefore, the key to the main carp carp in ponds is to provide sufficient and palatable bait fish to fully meet the nutritional needs of carp. The bait fish is preferably a bait fish which has a long shape, does not have a hard thorn in the dorsal fin, is less active in swimming, and has a smaller body height than the eel in the eel.
3.1 Pre-Bait Fish Cultivation
Although the carp is like water, it is also a bit fat. After clear-tang fish rearing, the fish should be used for about 300 days before the fish is stocked for 7-10 days, and about 300 kg of fermented organic fertilizer (such as livestock and poultry manure) per 667 square meters, in order to cultivate plankton and benthos. There is a palatable bait in the pond to increase the survival rate and promote its growth.
10 to 15 days before the summer carp rearing, first put in batches of grass, oysters, oysters, oysters, oysters and other fry, put 200,000 - 300,000 per 667 square meters, when the bait fish specifications grow to 1 About .5 centimeters, it is just a suitable food for the squid summer flower pond.
3.2 Cultivate the matching bait fish
After the eel's opening feeds, the bait fish consumes fast and must be equipped with a bait pond nearby. The bottom is flat and easy to catch. The area is 0.5 to 1.0 times that of the main pond, which is easy to breed and easy to fish. The oysters and oysters are also like to eat fish heads, oysters, grass carp, squid and other fry, the amount of 50,000 square meters per 667 square meters, bait fish breeding method is the same as conventional fish, but it is worth noting that the food is to control the good The size of the fish makes it suitable for feeding squid.
3.3 Feeding of bait fish
When the fish in the pool is insufficient, feeding should be timely and feeding every 4 to 5 days in the early stage. Because the bait fish is released within 2 to 3 days, the activity is slow, which is conducive to the predation of carp. If the time interval is too long, it may lead to difficulty in predation and increase in physical energy consumption, and increase the consumption of dissolved oxygen in the pool. From July to September, the temperature is suitable. The carp grows fast and the food intake increases. It should be fed 1 to 2 days. After the temperature dropped in early October, the food intake of the eel decreased, and the amount and frequency of feeding can be gradually reduced. Feeding amount is 5% - 10% of the total weight of carp in the pond, depending on the situation of carp eating, weather, and bait fish growth, etc., avoid sudden changes, excessive consumption, increased oxygen consumption in the pool, light The floating head, when heavy, there will be pan dead fish; if too few, the carp will not get enough food, which is not conducive to feeding and growth, and it will not reach the specifications of the year, which will affect the aquaculture production and market economic benefits.
3.4 Regular inspection
Learn to know the growth of squid in the pond, the amount of surviving ponds and the size of the bait fish, timely adjust the feeding amount and frequency of bait fish, and control the specifications of the bait fish.
4 Adjust water quality to increase dissolved oxygen
The requirements for water quality and dissolved oxygen are relatively high for carp. In general, the dissolved oxygen in the pond is about 5 mg/l, and the ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.025 mg/l. For this reason, the aerator must be opened at the right time, and the water should be changed and splashed. Lime and other measures regulate water quality.
4.1 Replacement of water
In the initial stage of stocking, water injection by stages is an important measure to increase the growth rate and survival rate of eel, because the eel's summer flowers are delicate and their activity is weak. In order to increase the density of bait fish and facilitate the feeding of eels, the water level should be shallow and the water depth should be 50 - 70 centimeters is good, the next pond began to inject water about a week, then every 4 - 5 days 1 time, each injection of 20 - 30 cm, and gradually raise the water level, in order to increase the water dissolved oxygen and fish movement space. In June, the water level was maintained at about 1.5 meters. 7--September high water temperature, fish Wangwang long, flush 2 - 3 times a week, or even once a day. Change the water once every 15 to 20 days, change the amount of water to 20% to 30% of the pool water, keep the depth of the pool water to 2.0 meters, and transparency 40 to 60 cm.
4.2 Opening the aerator at a proper time
The opening time of the aerator and the length of the booting time should be flexibly controlled according to the weather and the activities of the squid. Normally it is open at noon on sunny days, open in the early morning on cloudy days; open in the middle of rainy nights; long hours in hot weather, and cool in time; Long boot time in the middle of the night, before the sunrise in the morning can be shut down; short boot time at noon; a large load area boot time is long, the load area is small boot time is short, found that floating head should be turned on as soon as possible, if necessary, also need to replace new water, emergency Use chemical drugs to increase oxygen.
4.3 Regularly throw lime
Carp is very sensitive to acidic water, so every 15 days, about 15kg of calcined water per 667m2 will be splashed across the pond to maintain a pH of 7-8 to facilitate the growth of carp feeding.
4.4 Transplanting aquatic plants
During the hot season, appropriate amount of water peanuts, water hyacinths, etc. can be put in the pond. Coverage is generally 5% - 10% of the pond water surface, in order to purify the water, shade and cool down.
5 Disease Prevention and Control
5.1 Early prevention
In addition to the above-mentioned removal of silt from ponds, clean the ponds with quick lime, regularly disinfect the drugs, and disinfect the fish before stocking. Also note that:
(1) Filters should be installed at the inlet and outlet to prevent the entry of predator organisms. It is advisable to carry out water disinfection if conditions permit, ie after disinfection with bleaching powder, inject.
(2) The fishing gear should be disinfected. Care must be taken when handling it. Do not injure the fish body so as to avoid infection.
(3) Without deterioration of the bait fish, the bait fish should be disinfected before entering the pool (commonly used drugs include salt, bleach, potassium permanganate, etc.).
(4) In the feeding area, the medicine is bagged to form a medicine area and a drug-free area, so that the fish can be disinfected by feeding themselves.
5.2 Treatment of common diseases
The squid is susceptible to watery mildew, trichoderma, and gill rot at body lengths of up to 10 cm and should be promptly treated.
(1) Saprolegniasis and parasites (Trifolii, Obliquus) disease: 0.4 g/m3 of copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate mixture (5:2) may be used to splash the whole cell, or use 30-50 g. Rinse with saline for 10 to 15 minutes for 3 consecutive days.
(2) Gill disease: immersed in 5% salt water for 10 minutes for 3 consecutive days or with 1 g/m3 of bleached powder in Quanchiposa, or smashed with gallnut juice in sunny afternoon at Quanchipiti per cubic meter. Water body medication 2 - 3 grams.
Carp is very sensitive to some medicines. It is necessary to accurately calculate the dosage when using medicines, and to stop using medicines under high temperature and low oxygen conditions. Disable trichlorfon, malachite green, mercuric nitrate and other drugs.
6 Timely arrest and equilibrium listing
Starting in September, the squid, which has reached the product specifications, will be caught and will be listed on a balanced basis. It will be caught in dry ponds by the end of December, and if necessary, it will be available for sale in the second Spring. The arresting and arranging in rounds can avoid centralized listing, and can also reduce the density of breeding, alleviate the demand for bait fish, and facilitate the feeding and growth of puffer fish in the pond.
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Continuum ponds raise key technologies for squid
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