Tomato is a common vegetable, which not only has high commodity value but also has high nutritional value. From a food perspective, tomatoes can be used not only for frying but also for mixing. In particular, it is used to make tomato sauce, which has higher nutritional value; in addition, tomato can also be used for raw food; in addition, it also has a certain medicinal value, can be used for lowering blood pressure and detoxification and blood circulation, but also helps digestion . Therefore, as a pollution-free vegetable, tomato is deeply loved by people. In recent years, some varieties of tomato have been introduced in China. Through technological improvement and adaptation to local conditions, a set of scientific pollution-free tomato cultivation techniques has been explored. Therefore, this article mainly summarizes the relevant cultivation technology experience in the practice process.

1 pollution-free tomato nursery

In the process of seedling raising, the first step is to scientifically configure the nursery bed soil, and mix high-quality organic fertilizers with fertile organic fertilizers without pests and diseases, and the proportion of fertilizers should be ≥ 30%.

Second, bed soil needs to be scientifically disinfected. In the disinfection process, Fumei double wettable agent and carbendazim wettable powder are mainly used, and 50% of the dose is added respectively, and the mixture is mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to be formulated as a metalaxyl WP at a concentration of 25%. . At the same time, in accordance with the ratio of 9:1, it is evenly mixed with mancozeb wettable agent. The bed soil disinfection dose is: 8-9 g/m2.

In addition, you need to sow. Before the seeding, watering work should be done. When the water seeps out, a layer of nutritive soil is covered on top of the wet soil, and then a sterilized bed is planted for seeding. After sowing, fine clay with a thickness of about 0.5 cm is covered on the surface. After sowing, it must be ensured that the temperature difference between day and night in bed soil is maintained between 15-28 °C. At the same time, the relative humidity of the soil is kept at about 70%.

After sowing, the seedbed is finally managed scientifically. Under normal circumstances, if the seedling surface temperature is in the range of 15-20 °C, 3d-5d can emerge; and when the tomato emergence, to ensure that the light, the temperature difference between day and night is maintained at 15-25 °C, bed temperature seedbed To control in the range of 15-20 °C.

2 Pollution-free tomato colonization and pollution-free tomato management

Tomato seedlings are first fertilized before they are planted. During the fertilization process, organic fertilizers are mainly used, and general fertilizers are used as supplementary fertilizers for fertilization. When fertilizing, strict application of qualified chemical fertilizers is required to meet the technical standards of pollution-free tomato cultivation. After the completion of fertilization, it is necessary to carry out site preparation.

First of all, the land on which tomato is planted is deeply plowed to a depth of about 25-30 cm, and then two more rafts are made and used for lice.

Second, in the process, tomato seedlings need to be fertilized again. During the fertilization process, high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer and superphosphate should be applied. The dose of fertilizer should be 3000-4000kg/667m2 (the applied dose of organic fertilizer) and 30-40kg/667m2 (the dose of superphosphate fertilizer should be applied).

In addition, the greenhouse for growing tomato seedlings needs to be sterilized. During the disinfection process, the main use of dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate + sawdust + sulfur powder for uniform mixing and disinfection, the dose were: dichlorvos EC (80%) + sawdust (250g) + sulfur powder (2500g); and then select different 10 areas to ignite, The sheds are closed and the colonization is performed after disinfecting the strong odor.

In the specific colonization process, it mainly takes place in the four leaf stage after flower bud differentiation. In this process, seedlings can also be treated by live broadcast. After planting, tomato seedlings should be managed scientifically. The first time watering seedlings should be carried out during the period of 4-7 days after planting. On this basis, seedlings were treated. When the tomato fruit in the first ear of the tomato seedling begins to inflate, 3-5 kg ​​of potassium sulfate and 10 to 20 kg of urea are applied respectively to promote more rapid and uniform absorption of nutrients by the tomato seedling. When the tomato fruit in the second ear of the tomato seedling begins to stabilize, quick-acting fertilizer is applied.

In this process, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers together and apply 5kg and 15-20kg of potassium sulfate and urea, respectively. According to this method of fertilization, when the start results of the fruit of each tomato and the stability of the fruit, it is necessary to fertilize and maintain the water and the support, the vines, the pruning, the pruning and the weeding. Disease pests, and pick yellow leaves, to promote better growth of tomato seedlings.

3 Pollution-free tomato disease prevention and treatment

Under normal circumstances, tomato seedlings are susceptible to disease when they are grown at a temperature of 20-25°C and a humidity of 80%. In the specific disease prevention and control process, the dust and fumigation and spray methods are mainly used for pest treatment. At the same time, it is also necessary to focus on the control of late blight and epidemic diseases and the cotton bollworm in tomato cultivation. In the process of disease treatment, the insecticidal treatment can be carried out by means of spraying with chlorothalonil dust, chlorothalonil aerosol and anti-wetting agent. In the treatment of cotton bollworm, black light is mainly used to kill at night, and at the same time, sulfuric acid EC with a concentration of 75% and Uranus EC with a concentration of 2.5% can be used for spray insecticide treatment, thereby reducing tomato post-cultivation management. Diseases in the plant promote better absorption of nutrients.

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