The difference between reverse osmosis membrane and ultrafiltration membrane

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The reverse osmosis membrane is an artificial semipermeable membrane made of a semi-permeable membrane that has certain characteristics. Generally made of polymer materials. For example, a cellulose acetate film, an aromatic polyhydrazide film, or an aromatic polyamide film. The diameter of the surface micropores is generally between 0.5 and 10 nm, and the size of the permeability is related to the chemical structure of the film itself. Some polymer materials have good repellency to salt, and water transmission rate is not good. Some polymer materials have more hydrophilic groups, so the water permeation rate is relatively fast.

The ultrafiltration membrane is a microporous membrane with a uniform pore size and a nominal pore size range of 0.001-0.02 microns. By applying a suitable pressure to one side of the membrane, solute molecules smaller than the pore size can be sieved to separate particles having a molecular weight greater than 500 Daltons (atomic mass units) and a particle size greater than 10 nm. Ultrafiltration membrane is one of the early development of polymer separation membranes. In the 1960s, ultrafiltration equipment was industrialized.

The reverse osmosis membrane should have the following characteristics : ( 1) It should have high-efficiency salt rejection rate at high flow rate; ( 2) It has high mechanical strength and service life; ( 3) It can function at lower operating pressure; ( 4) It can Tolerate the effects of chemical or biochemical effects; ( 5) It is less affected by factors such as pH and temperature; ( 6) The raw materials for membrane production are easy, the processing is simple, and the cost is low.

Application characteristics of ultrafiltration membrane : ( 1) There will be no qualitative changes during ultrafiltration, and it can be stably operated at normal temperature; ( 2) The equipment has compact structure, small footprint and easy operation; ( 3) Ultrafiltration The separation process is simple and the equipment is highly automated; ( 4) Different molecular weight substances can be classified and processed; ( 5) The applicability to water quality is strong and the application range is wide.

Application range of reverse osmosis membrane : electric power, petrochemical, steel, electronics, medicine, food and beverage, municipal and environmental protection, desalination of seawater and brackish water, boiler feed water, industrial pure water and electronic grade ultrapure water preparation, drinking Pure water production, wastewater treatment and special separation processes play an important role.

Application range of ultrafiltration membrane : as the reverse osmosis pretreatment and terminal treatment of ultrapure water in the preparation process of pure water and ultrapure water; separation of bacteria, heat source, colloid, suspended impurities and macromolecular organic matter in industrial water; drinking water , mineral water purification; fermentation, enzyme preparation industry, pharmaceutical industry concentration, purification and clarification; juice concentration, separation; separation, concentration and clarification of soybean, dairy, sugar industry, alcohol, tea juice, vinegar, etc.; industrial wastewater Purification and recycling with domestic sewage; recycling of electrophoretic paint.

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