Measures to Improve the Fruit Quality of Peach

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Measures to Improve the Fruit Quality of Peach

Peach is used as a deciduous tree, and flowers can be used for viewing. The fruit is thick and juicy and can be processed into a series of peach pods and canned foods. With the growing peach tree planting area, the competition of peach has changed from the traditional production competition to quality. Competition, therefore improving the quality of peach fruit is very important.

1, choose a good variety

When choosing peach varieties, it should be strictly based on the soil and climate characteristics of Guilin area and the market after cultivated peach (is used to make finished products or to provide consumers with fresh fruit). In the selection of peach varieties, varieties with high disease resistance, high yield and good taste should be selected as far as possible. In addition, the specific climate characteristics of the Guilin region should also be taken into account. Select peach varieties that are drought-tolerant, moisture-tolerant, stress-resisting, and short-maturing. At present, Guilin is dominated by nectarine varieties, with Zhongyou No.4, CNPC No. 5, Zhongyou No. 7, Shuguang and other varieties.

2, a reasonable interplanting, deep rolling green

Within 1 to 3 years after the peach planting, peach trees can be used for fertilizing and digging trenches can be filled year by year, so that the peach trees can be kept high and piers leveled. It is possible to plant peas in the winter and mung beans in the summer to improve the soil.

3, scientific fertilization

3.1 Fertilization is dominated by organic fertilizers

In the process of cultivating peaches, applying organic fertilizer can not only improve the structure of the soil, provide various nutrient components needed for the growth of peach trees, but also increase the taste and sweetness of the fruits and increase the yield of peach fruits. In the selection of organic fertilizers, some of the feces of poultry can be used, and some of the incinerated grass ash can also be used. The amount of general farmyard fertilizer is 4,000-5,000kg/667m2, and the amount of compound fertilizer is 20-40kg/667m2.

3.2 Reasonable application of fertilizer

The application of chemical fertilizers is mainly based on potash fertilizer. The application of nitrogen fertilizer should be appropriate, and it should be matched with a few trace fertilizers. In the whole growth process of peach, N element is indispensable, but the application of nitrogen fertilizer must be appropriate, excessive nitrogen fertilizer will only lead to excessive vegetative growth of peach fruit, stem diameter, leaf hypertrophy, etc., too much leaves will hinder the peach tree Sufficient photosynthesis can affect the taste of the peach fruit. Potassium fertilizer is the most important element of peach during the whole growth period. Potash fertilizer helps the plants to transport the photosynthetic products produced, thus greatly improving the yield and quality of peach fruit. The urea should be applied before the germination of peach trees. The general amount is 25-35kg/667m2. After the peach blossoms, ammonium phosphate is applied, and the general amount is 20-30 khg/667m2. The peach fruit should be applied from the hard core stage to the fruit expansion stage. Potassium phosphate, generally 25 ~ 35kg/667m2. When peach trees are harvested before the fruit is harvested in early June, the peach trees can be sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.3% for 2 to 3 times. When the peach fruit is in an inflated stage, it can be sprayed with 1 to 2 amino acid calcium fertilizers.

3.3 The amount of supplementary fertilizer

In peach cultivation, the main role of trace fertilizer is to regulate the supply and demand of various nutrients for peaches at different growth stages. The application of trace fertilizers can be based on the growth of peach trees, the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, and the actual climate in southern Jiangxi. Application ensures that the peach tree grows vigorously.

3.4 reasonable pruning to form a tree

For young peach trees, the canopy can be enlarged by drawing shoots to cultivate the backbone branches of the peach tree to increase the branches and leaves of the tree crown. The branches of the flower buds should be completely removed. Through the development of multiple tips to promote the growth of peach shoots, and finally the formation of an open tree.

3.5 reasonable pollination, improve fruit setting rate

When pollinating peach trees, it should be ensured that the pollinated varieties are the same as the flowering period of the main planted varieties, the pollen volume is large, the germination rate is high, and the varieties planted with the main plant can enter the result period at the same time, which has a strong production capacity. The ratio between the main planting varieties and pollination varieties is preferably 10:1.

3.6 Strengthen Peach Fruit Coloring Period Management

In order to color the peach fruit evenly, the following two measures can be taken. One is hanging sticks, and for some sagging peach branches, the peach branches are restored to their original positions by means of rope binding or wooden stick support. The best timing for hanging branches is usually done in the morning or in the evening on a cloudy or sunny day, mainly to avoid high temperature burns. The second is picking up the leaves. In the first half of the month before fruit ripening, the old leaves covering the branches of the fruit are removed and the fruit is colored. When the fruit faces the sun, the fruit is turned over and the fruit is colored.

3.7 Pest Control

Common pests of peach trees include locusts, red spiders, and long-horned cows. Common diseases include erythema, turbulent flow, and leaf ailments. This requires growers to predict and control key diseases and pests in different periods. One is to take advantage of Taoyuan's winter deciduous till budding time to do the Taoyuan clean garden work, for example: scraping the trunk and the old skin and branches on the branches, and the leaves and fruit in the orchard. The litters of the pests are concentrated and burned or buried deeply, and the lime sulfur mixture with a concentration of 150 times is sprayed. Secondly, after the pests and diseases reach a certain target in the growing season, a highly effective and low-level drug can be targeted for chemical control.

3.8 timely harvest

Timely harvesting is the last step to improve the quality of peach fruit, and it is also a crucial step. The ripening time of peach fruit is different. This is mainly due to the fact that the fruit ripening time varies with the time of flowering. Therefore, the picking of peaches should be timely, and premature harvesting can easily affect the taste and quality of the peach fruit. Late picking will affect the normal growth of the tree. Peach fruit should be soaked with fresh fruit in time after picking. Conditional reusable fresh-keeping bags can be used to wrap the peach fruit, but it must be dried before the medicine can be dried.

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