Jianshan Farm aims to grow green organic soybeans to increase yields, increase production, improve quality, and increase profits. Through adjusting the planting structure, it integrates and transforms agricultural technology measures to achieve high yield, high efficiency, safety and green.

Technical points

Fine cultivation of autumn soil preparation, to achieve deep, flat, transparent, homogeneous, broken; autumn ridge.

Precision sowing is carried out by using GPS satellite positioning automatic navigation driving system locomotive and imported precision seed drill.

Precise fertilizer application formula fertilizer, according to the law of soybean fat, using basal fertilizer, seed fertilizer, foliar fertilizer quantitative, timing, positioning three-dimensional application.

Accurately prevent and control comprehensively promote professional and unified prevention and control, adhere to closed weeding before seedling after sowing, and use integrated sprinkling machine to conduct comprehensive pest control according to the occurrence of pests and diseases.

Technical measures

Must autumn, deep plowing 30 to 35 centimeters or deep loose 40 centimeters, in order to destroy the pathogenic wintering environment, at the same time, do plough soil loose and fine, virtual reality.

Variety selection and density determine the main cultivars include jianjiandou 27, jianjiandou 28, Heihe 43 and so on. And the harvested water is between 14% and 16%. When the moisture content is less than 14%, it will not be visible on the surface of the internal impact, and the post-planting infection will cause no seedling emergence or seedling death. High moisture and 16% maturation is not good, winter is not easy to keep, the germination rate is not high, post-planting seedlings are low, especially in low-temperature, low-humidity years, the seedlings rate is even lower, only up to 30%

Before sowing, the best germination rate should be above 98%. Add seed with biological seed coating and 0.5% aminooligosaccharide to supplement the lack of nutrients and detoxification and insecticide induced by soybean for many years. Seeds should be used 3 to 4 days earlier than the normal growth period, with a cumulative temperature of about 60°C.

Seed sowing with precision seeder, three rows of large ridges density of 380,000 per hectare, to ensure uniformity of density; conventional small ridge density of 350,000 per hectare, a good land can properly reduce the density.

Planting methods: The ridges were sown in three rows on the ridge. The ridges on the ridge were ridged and double-rowed. There were no soil preparation corn rakes in autumn last year.

Sowing period determined that continuous cropping soybeans lack of nutrition, more harmful toxins and bacteria, difficult to early sowing, premature sowing caused chilling damage, soybean roots susceptible to infection after unearthed, true leaf stage or 12 to 15 cm on the onset, two complex leaf stage or When the height of the seedlings is 20-25 cm, the yellow leaves will stop growing. On the contrary, if the species earlier than the normal growth period is selected for timely sowing, the seeds can be quickly and germinate out of the soil, and the soybean growth environment can be changed early to achieve stable production.

Seeding method is best to use sowing sowing deep sowing of the way, easy to maintain water, increase the temperature, promote germination, but also conducive to cultivating the soil, increase the area of ​​secondary root soybean, soybean growth to ensure that the late absorption of nutrients to ensure stable production.

After ensuring that the seed is sown on the wet soil layer, it will be 4 to 5 centimeters after pressing and the sowing depth will be properly adjusted according to the natural conditions at that time. The depth of sowing should be carefully monitored to prevent the occurrence of "dry buds" caused by the late drought, and at the same time, preventing the sowing of the seedlings with "deep downstairs" causing difficulty in seed emergence and decreasing the seedling maintenance rate.

After sowing, suppression of soybean sowing, suppression of seizures, timing of sowing, shallow depth of sowing, poor soil moisture repression in time, heavy soil moisture, heavy seeds, sowing ultra-deep light pressure or no pressure.

The cultivator fertiliser land has reached the sowing condition and is planted with a precision seeder.

In principle, sowing and fertilization are completed at once in order to ensure the depth of seed and fertilizer and avoid the same layer of seed fertilizer.

The original ridge card land number shall be cleared in time according to the actual conditions of the land number, and the original ridge card type shall be used with the imported seeder.

The other land No. 12 and No. 1 land use the proper land preparation method according to the actual situation of the land number. Regardless of the type of site preparation method, we must resolutely stop wet soil preparation, wet sowing, and wet suppression.

After the cultivating management, the ridge and furrows are fully loosened and the cultivator is cultivated more than three times during the fertility period. The first time the ridges and furrows must be deepened, the deep boring depth must not be less than 30 centimeters, so as to increase the soil permeability and prevent the arrival of the rainy season. After sowing, the seedlings emerged (putting on the line), and then the first time, Cheng Ping ridges were smashed, and once weeding was performed, and one compound leaf and two squats were used as open ridges to perform 2 times of weed control. After 5 days, the grass was manually plucked and 3 times of weed control was performed. Two compound leaves 3 deep slamming once again ridge, 4 times weeding, after every 8 to 10 days sprayed organic bio-foliar fertilizer, increase fertilizer to prevent pests and diseases, in the appropriate period of time to pull 2 ​​times large grass.

Mechanized harvesting by stages to improve post-harvest, easy to dehydration and improve quality.

After cleaning and packaging are cleaned with a 5.5 mm long hole screen, they are processed in 50 kg per bag and 358 g per bag, making it easy for factory processing, sales and household consumption.

Seed coating agent and fertilizer processing biological seed coating agent process: biological bacteria - nutrition carrier - material synthesis.

Soybean bio-organic compound fertilizer process: biological bacteria - nutrition carrier - material synthesis - organic soybean fermentation material - synthetic fertilizer.

Fertilization method

In accordance with the design of fertilization once in spring to prevent the same layer of seed fertilizer, mu fertilizer can not be less than the net amount of 16 pounds per mu, nitrogen and phosphorus ratio of 1:1 to 1.3, potash fertilizer according to the location of the unit to determine their own situation.

Poor soil fertility, poor fertility, intolerable drought-prone land in Shagang, arranging soybean varieties that are dense, resistant to barren, and strong in drought resistance; land with good soil fertility and sunny, high-temperature plots; Variety.

Reasonable fertilization is based on the characteristics of continuous cropping of soybeans, partial consumption of nutrients, available nutrients and reduction of trace elements, and 800 kg per hectare of application (farmhouse, cake, and biological fertilizer). No farmyard manure can be grown with biohumic acid fertilizers (such as phosphorus activators and enzyme bacteria) and Bt WP powder insecticides. In fertilization, organic fertilizer, biological fertilizer combination, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer are combined to meet the needs of nutrients in different growth periods. At present, we must also pay attention to the use of molybdenum-zinc-boron fertilizers. We must pay attention to the use of molybdenum and boron fertilizers in lowland areas, and pay attention to the use of zinc fertilizer in low-lying areas.

Scientific fertilization is a comprehensive technique, and the exertion of fertilizers is affected by many factors. If fertilization is scientifically sound, it is necessary to conduct soil tests and formulate fertilizers. Pay attention to topdressing, the top dressing fertilizer is difficult to do the existing machinery, generally outside the top dressing (foliage top dressing), plant regulation, promote rooting 30%, early flowers to drum grain can be combined with pest control, top-dressing homemade organic Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizer, it is best to add selenium fertilizer. Selenium is not only a plant regulatory element, but also an essential element of the human body, organic NPK, and 0.5% amino oligosaccharides (induced, disease-resistant, and bactericidal). Can also be used to add 0.5% amino acid oligosaccharids, respectively, in the early flowering to drum grain foliar spray, can promote early ripening 3 to 5 days, increase production 4% to 10%, pay attention to excessive nitrogen is easy to premature aging.

The foliar dressing is the first time when soybeans are compounded with leaves. Each spray of urea sprays 3 to 5 kg of vinegar and 1.5 to 2 kg of rice vinegar, especially for the weeding of stems and leaves. The second pass is at the compound leaf stage of 3 to 5 leaves. Seedling grows, select suitable foliar fertilizers, raise seedlings and promote growth, and cultivate strong seedlings; the third pass sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1~1.5kg/urea 5~6kg + rice vinegar 2kg per pup during the first flowering period; During the four seasons of spraying, 1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 kg of potassium and 3 kg of urea were sprayed in each pot.

After chemical weeding is fully carried out, the weeds are closed before weeding, and weeding of stems and leaves during the seedling stage is an emergency measure. Before sowing, 90% Naisi 1.8kg + 75% thifensulfuron 40g per hectare were used; weeds, stems and leaves were used to select herbicide formulations based on the crops and weed species after weeding to prevent broadleaf weeds per hectare. 25% fomesafen aqueous solution 1 ~ 1.2 kg + 48% Bendazosone 2 kg. Control grass weeds with clethodim 0.4-0.6 kg per hectare. The appropriate amount of thiophene-sulfuron was applied to the ground-based plots, and combined with the stems and leaves to weed, an appropriate amount of urea could be added.

Pest Control

The most harmful diseases are soybean root rot, bean cyst nematode disease, soybean brown leaf disease, soybean downy mildew, soybean bacterial spot disease, soybean dodder seed, soybean sclerotinia and other major categories, gray spot disease, gray Star disease, brown spot, ring rot and bacterial leaf burning disease are relatively less harmful to the former and are difficult to form.

The species of insect pests is the most common type of insect pests, and the harmfulness of underground pests such as white-billed ground tigers is also extremely important to soybeans; not all pests such as soybean aphids and thrips occur every year, which is a potential threat to pests. ; Soybeans occur commonly in the two leafhoppers, and their adults are extremely harmful to soybean seedlings. Their larvae are one of the attackers of soybean nodules; there are also soybean borer.

Agricultural control measures are carried out in crop rotation. Through three years of agricultural farming practices, diseases such as soybean diseases and sick-body-overwintering can be alleviated, and a variety of spot diseases are mainly used, as well as pests that use soil for winter. It is forbidden to repeat and marry, and at least 5 rounds of cultivation should be carried out for farms where pests and diseases have occurred, especially for soybean cyst nematode disease.

After each harvest of soybeans, it is necessary to carefully inspect, treat the diseased plants in time, and turn the ground early to plant the diseased plants deep underground. This can accelerate the demise of the germs. For overwintering larvae, we must always turn the soil and turn the soil inside out. To the surface, through mechanical damage, surface wind and sun will destroy pests, reduce the probability of occurrence of pests and diseases, and suppress the occurrence of large-scale pests and diseases.

Choose seeds to be cautious, it is recommended to choose pest-resistant varieties. In recent years, farms generally selected soybeans resistant to gray spot disease, and the results showed that soybean production has been significantly improved, and the damage has also been relatively reduced. In the aspect of seed reservation, we must pay attention to the selection of seeds that are disease-free or disease-free. When field-planting, we must investigate the disease and pest situation in the area over the years. Seeds of areas with severe cyst nematodiasis should be selected as far as possible. Attention will cause great harm to the farm.

Chemical control measures Seeds are treated with chemicals, seed dressings are used to delay disease, pest infestation, and main roots and seedlings are kept. The farm can use different medicaments to mix seeds according to their own actual conditions to achieve economical, safe and effective purposes.

Chemical weed control, many weeds are hosts of pests, and they themselves carry diseases, and they are transmitted to soybeans. The lush weeds will lead to poor field permeability, which will cause diseases in soybeans. Weeding with chemicals will help reduce the number of diseases. It is good for the growth of soybeans.

In the early stage of soybean growth, chemicals should be used to preserve seedlings: if it is found that two leafhoppers, round-shelled worms and other pests are to be properly selected for chemical spray treatment, the use of pyrethroids is recommended, dosage reference manual; for the tiger The harmful pests should use the method of trapping and killing, choose the right chemical agent, and use the foodstuffs preferred by the ground tigers to mix the chemicals and sprinkle them on the fields to seduce and kill the ground tigers.

In the mid-growth stage of soybeans, it is important to protect leaves and bean pods so that they can grow healthily: all kinds of harmful moths need only be sprayed with a common chemical agent to remove them. The common ones are trichlorfon and dichlorvos, and the dosage can be combined with farms. The condition is selected and used; gray spot and brown spot can be sprayed with an appropriate dose of carbendazim. If various types of weeds appear, select the appropriate herbicide for removal.

In the later stage of growth, it is necessary to protect the leaves, but also to protect the pods and grains. Applying chemical agents at this time to remove worms can effectively ensure the yield. Soybean borer is very harmful and it is also difficult to remove. It becomes extremely stubborn and difficult to kill after becoming adult. It should be able to play a good role in killing the water with a proper amount of enemy kill when the caribou or larvae are relatively vulnerable. The control effect.

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