In the early spring, cultivating potatoes with mulching film, the market is early, the yield is high, and the economic benefits are good. At the time of planting, what technical points should be noticed in the planting process? Sugar Free Lollipop,Sugar Free Gourmet Lollipops,Sugar Free Organic Lollipop,Sugar Free Heart Lollipop Soar Biotech Co.,Ltd , https://www.xylitgum.com
I. Variety selection
The selection of early, high-yield, virus-free varieties is the key to the high yield of potatoes. Potatoes can increase production by 30%-50% or even more than once after being detoxified. The extremely early maturing varieties with a fertility of 60 days such as Feiwuruiting and Zaodaibai can be selected. The spring sowing can produce about 2,000 kilograms of potatoes per year. The high yield can reach more than 3,000 kilograms, and the per mu output value is more than 1,500 yuan.
Second, seed processing
Before sowing, the seed potatoes are evenly distributed in a room with scattered light at a temperature above 10°C, and the thickness is not more than 3-4 layers. The seeds are often turned up and down so that the young shoots are uniformly exposed to light. When the buds are about 0.5 cm long, they are ready to cut into pieces. Each piece is guaranteed to have a healthy bud, and the weight of each piece is not less than 25 grams. Prepare two cutting knives when cutting. Change the knives once for each piece of potato and replace the knives with immersion in a pre-prepared disinfectant (75% alcohol) to prevent the knives from spreading disease. When the bad lumps are cut, the bad lumps are discarded. After cutting, the metalaxyl and thiophanate-methyl talc are used for dressing. The seeds can be sown the next day. Don't stack the cut pieces for a long time to prevent high temperatures from causing bad seeds.
Third, soil preparation and sowing
1. Soil preparation. Select soil land with deep soil, irrigation conditions, good fertility, and not salt and alkali. Basal fertilizer is the basis for high potato yield. Potatoes particularly like organic and potash fertilizers. The proportion of nitrogen needed for fertilizers is: phosphorus:potassium=5:2:11, and 3-5 cubic meters of organic fertilizer before winter, and deep plowing for 30 centimeters. And pour good frozen water as soon as possible, before sowing, three yuan per acre fertilizer application 50 kg, 25 kg of pure potassium sulfate as a base fertilizer.
2. Use the amount. Potatoes sowing 150 kg of seed potatoes per acre, intercropping with other crops of 125 kg.
3. Sowing period. Potatoes grown in the south-central part of the province must be sowed in the early spring after the soil is thawed. The sooner the better the sowing, the normal years of sowing (before and after convulsion) on March 5-15, and the sowing later than March 15th will seriously affect the potato. The output and benefits.
4. Seeding method. Spring sowing potatoes must be covered with mulching film. When sowing, they should be deep-opened and ditched. The depth of the ditch should be 12 cm. The bottom of the ditch should be sowed with soil and mixed with soil. The seedlings should be covered with 8-10 cm thick soil. The soil should be ridged and the ridges should be covered with mulching. Double ridge planting, ridge height 5 cm (30 cm after two times after emergence), ridge width 80 cm, ridge spacing 25 cm, plant spacing 25 cm, ridge spacing 40 cm; single ridge plant spacing 70 cm, spacing between rows 25 cm, mu density 4000-5000 strains.
Fourth, field management
1. Break the membrane earth. When the potato seedlings are unearthed, the seedlings shall be released out of the mulching film in a timely manner, and the cavities shall be small, and a soil shall be buried in the ruptured membrane after release. Immediately after the frost, the film was removed (before and after Gu Yu), cultivating the soil, making a second earth training before budding, grasping about 30 cm of ridge height after twice cultivating soil, to prevent potato chips from turning green.
2. Watering. When planting potatoes, it is necessary to ensure sufficient planting. Before emergence, water is generally not used. After emergence, water should be used to control seedlings. When drought occurs, water must be poured. After uncovering the soil, it is necessary to pour water once. When the buds enter the tuber stage, they must be poured first. Sub-big water, after every 5-7 days, pouring 1 big water, watering to do "gutter drenched back," stop watering 7-10 days before harvest.
3. Top dressing. Planting potatoes must be enough base fertilizer, when fertility is insufficient, after the seedling height 5-10 cm, mu urea 10-15 kilograms, buds after the plant enters the potato period, should be combined with watering mu recovery urea 15-20 kg, knot Fertilizer is applied 1-2 times in the potato stage, and 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the later stage.
4. Plant regulation. Plant regulation to control water seedlings as the main measure to prevent leggy, found that when plants grow up, can use 15 grams of paclobutrazol 50 kg of water spray on the leaf surface to promote control, remember that paclobutrazol can not be too early and can not be excessive use.
5. Pest control. The main diseases of potato are late blight and black shank disease. After 95% emergence, it is prevented by spraying with metalaxyl manganese zinc and glucomannan, etc., and then once every 10 days to prevent the disease once. It is prone to bacterial disease black shank disease after emergence and 51 in the field. The diseased plants found in the field should be promptly removed and taken out of the field for burial, and the sterilizing agent such as agricultural streptomycin or Dupont can be used to kill the roots twice.
The most serious pests that harm the potato are aphids and underground pests. At the seedling stage, it is found that the aphid must be killed promptly, and the effect of spraying with the melody is better; the underground pests such as ground tigers, crickets, and golden worms etc. Remove all the net" or during the growth period with 50% phoxim 800 times in the evening irrigation.
Fifth, timely harvest
Feirui it wait for the emergence of early potatoes can be harvested 55-60 days, in order to mention the city can also be picked 10 large blocks in advance to pick up harvest, the general end of May harvest, harvested before June 10th, under the corn can be planted Or green onions and so on.