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Firstly, root diseases are one of the factors causing early defoliation. From the beginning of fertilization in autumn, organic fertilizers, various trace element fertilizers and biological bacterial fertilizers are added to fruit trees to increase the resistance of fruit trees to pathogens.
Second, foliar spraying of fertilizers can increase photosynthesis, increase the resistance of the leaves to germs, and effectively prevent defoliation.
The third is to increase the ventilation of the orchard. Slightly increase the trunk; cut off some large branches at the top of the tree, open some "windows" to increase the ventilation and light transmission; with the pull branches, increase the angle of pulling branches; combined with summer and spring construction, cut off more than a few branches, including some leggy branches , crowded branches, cross branches, etc. can achieve results.
The fourth is to use drugs scientifically so that prevention is the main method. According to the disease, pest occurrence time and its disease characteristics, choose appropriate symptomatic drugs to advance medication and strengthen prevention. For example, deciduous leaf disease infects young leaves, and should be controlled by bacillus and ningnanmycin after flower red and after flowering; brown leaf spot infects old leaves, and manganese Zn should be used after young fruit and bagging. 7-8 months with thiazole copper control. Some growers believe that the previous drought was less rainy and the number of pathogens was relatively small. Therefore, they did not use or used fungicides at an early stage, and waited until the germs occurred before they could use drugs. Actually, at this time, the medication has been delayed and no good results have been achieved. (Zhengke Branch, Zhongke Xingye Fruit Specialty Cooperative, Wanrong County, Shanxi Province)
Expert Reviews:
Du Zhihui, a researcher at the College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, has the right prevention and control method but masters the process and time.
In response to this reader's point of view on the prevention and treatment of early deciduous disease in fruit trees, the reporter interviewed Du Zhihui, a researcher at the Northwest A&F University.
Du Zhihui expressed his approval of the point of prevention and treatment proposed by him, but at the same time he also emphasized three points. First, in the process of adding organic fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, and bio-organic fertilizer to fruit trees, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced on the basis of previous years. Second, drug control, general pre-drug use of protective agents, including manganese zinc and mancozeb are early prevention, after the fall fruit bags, more rain, the possibility of early occurrence of defoliating disease is increasing, At this time, a therapeutic agent is used. Third, in the prevention of early defoliation of fruit trees, scientific drug use time is very important. In the latter half of fruit tree growth (after July), the interval between spraying is preferably 10 to 12 days. The period should not be too long. The number of sprayings is reasonable from 8 to 10 times. If Bordeaux mixture is sprayed alternately in autumn, the number of sprayings can be reduced by 2 to 3 times on the original basis.
Prevention of early deciduous disease in fruit trees
Early defoliation of fruit trees is the defoliation phenomenon caused by the invasion of many diseases and insect pests. It affects the fruit growth and flower bud differentiation directly. To prevent and control early defoliation, comprehensive management is required. Based on my several years of experience, I will discuss several points of view.