Chondroitin sulfate actually promotes melanoma growth and develops drug resistance April 9, 2018 Source: CPhI Pharma Online Author: The red leaf Chondroitin sulfate is a very common dietary supplement and an important structural component of cartilage structure and is often recommended for use in the treatment of arthritis with other compounds such as glucosamine. For frail patients, doctors usually recommend taking chondroitin sulfate instead of medicine. It can be said that chondroitin sulfate is a safer dietary supplement. However, it has recently been found that chondroitin sulfate accelerates the growth of a melanoma based on experiments conducted in cultured cells and mouse models. The results of this study will be published in the journal Molecular Cell. About half of melanomas carry a specific B-raf gene mutation (V600E). Dr. Jing Chen and colleagues found that chondroitin sulfate promotes the growth of melanoma cells carrying the V600E mutation, but does not affect other types of melanoma cells. The researchers fed chondroitin sulfate to mice implanted with V600E tumors, which produced similar effects when the intake reached a dose equivalent to that used for human dietary supplements. V600E tumors in mice that consumed chondroitin sulfate also developed resistance to vemurafenib, a small class of B-raf inhibitors currently used to treat V600E-positive melanoma patients. Although the results of the study have not been confirmed in human epidemiological studies, these findings regarding the potential risks of dietary supplements are an early warning for oncologists and people at high risk of melanoma risk. Studies have found that for people with V600E-positive precancerous lesions, taking chondroitin sulfate may accelerate the growth of these diseased cells, while V600E-positive cancer patients taking chondroitin sulfate may have a higher risk of recurrence. Dr. Chen, a professor of hematology and medical oncology at the Winchipp Cancer Institute at Emory University, said: "We need to be cautious about these results and should be verified through follow-up experiments. There are not many reliable data on the use of dietary supplements. We found It is necessary to add an item to the history form filled out for melanoma patients to obtain a history of their use of supplements, as we did not request this information before. A large study conducted in Washington State showed chondroitin sulfate and prostate cancer or There was no association between lung cancer risk, but the genetic background was not involved in the study." Dr. Ruiting Lin, a collaborator with Chen, noted that chondroitin sulfate glucuronyltransferase (CSGlcA-T, abbreviated as CSG) was noted when assessing whether various metabolic enzymes are necessary to drive B-raf mutant melanoma cell proliferation. The formation of chondroitin sulfate polymer is important. The finding that chondroitin sulfate drives melanoma cell growth suggests that chondroitin sulfate plays a signaling role that scientists are not familiar with in cells. The researchers found that only the polymer form of chondroitin sulfate (rather than the digested form) would affect B-raf melanoma, which they said was puzzling in an upcoming article. Although this paper suggests that CSG can be used as an anticancer drug target, there are currently no readily available compounds that inhibit CSG. Such inhibitors must pass the test to see if they have potential side effects, such as joint pain or connective tissue degradation. After all, chondroitin is a substance that the body normally needs. Simply suppressing its production may lead to a series of related diseases. What doctors and patients can do is to be cautious and careful about dietary supplements. In addition to B-raf V600E, CSG may also work with other oncogenes. Previous studies have found that a high-fat, low-carbohydrate "ketogenic" diet also accelerates the growth of V600E melanoma cells. Original title: Be careful when taking dietary supplements! Chondroitin sulfate actually promotes melanoma growth and develops drug resistance Reference source: https://
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